1. Useful Insights into Tanzanian Cultural Norms - Medium
Feb 20, 2024 · 1. Greeting Etiquette: Handshakes are important in Tanzanian social customs, with the right hand being extended for greetings. · 2. Tipping ...
Understanding cultural norms and etiquette is crucial for travelers visiting Tanzania, as it enhances their experience and fosters…
2. Sensitivity Study of WRF Simulations over Tanzania for Extreme Events ...
This research is to improve the forecasting skill over Tanzania by providing suitable combinations of physical parameterization schemes and horizontal grid ...
Precipitation prediction is important to help mitigate the effects of drought and floods on various social and economic activities. This research is to improve the forecasting skill over Tanzania by providing suitable combinations of physical parameterization schemes and horizontal grid spacing of the Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model for daily forecasting over Tanzania. The performance of different schemes on the precipitation systems during the wet and dry seasons over Tanzania is evaluated such that the sensitivity tests was performed for the WRF model at different horizontal resolutions, and for different physical parameterization schemes (convective and cloud microphysics). The results showed that the improved grid spacing was better at completing forecasts during the wet season, but had little significant impacts during the dry season. Model simulations with combinations of Lin et al. microphysics and the multiscale Kain–Fritsch scheme showed greater success during the both seasons; therefore, these combinations were recommended for Tanzania to resolve weather systems during the wet and dry season simulations, respectively.
3. The impact of integrated nutrition-sensitive interventions on ...
Sep 6, 2018 · This study evaluates the effects of integrated nutrition-sensitive interventions on the health and nutrition of children and women in rural ...
Nutrition-sensitive interventions such as homestead production of diverse, nutrient-rich foods, coupled with behavior change communication, may have positive effects on the nutritional status and health of rural households engaged in agriculture, particularly among women and young children. Engagement of agriculture and health extension workers in these communities may be an effective way of delivering nutrition-sensitive interventions given the dearth of trained health care providers in many developing countries. This study aims to assess the effects of integrated homestead food production, food consumption and women’s empowerment interventions using a multi-sectoral approach on women’s and child’s health and nutrition. This is a cluster-randomized community-based prospective study set in Rufiji district, a rural area in Eastern Tanzania. Ten randomly selected villages within the Rufiji Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (HDSS) in Eastern-Tanzania were paired and randomly assigned to the intervention or control arm. The Rufiji HDSS dataset was used to randomly sample households with women of reproductive age and children 6–36 months. The intervention includes provision of small agricultural inputs, garden training support, and nutrition and health counseling. This is delivered by community health workers and agriculture extension workers through home visits and farmer field schools. There are three time points for data collection: baseline, midline, and endline. P...
4. Priority Setting on Malaria Interventions in Tanzania - NCBI
In Tanzania, malaria remains one of the major causes of illness and death. The disease causes major obstacles to social and economic development.
In Tanzania, malaria remains one of the major causes of illness and death. The disease causes major obstacles to social and economic development. The extent of the problem is greatest among children less than five years of age and pregnant women. Malaria has been estimated to cost Tanzania more than US$ 240 million every year in lost gross domestic product, although it can be controlled for a fraction of that sum. Tanzania has actively participated in malaria research and in developing most control tools. However, the use of such tools and scaling up of effective interventions has been a major challenge. Major system constraints include inadequate human, financial, material resources, as well as an inefficient health care system. With an increasing burden with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), there has been a shift in the use of resources whereby more prioritization is given to interventions for HIV/AIDS than for malaria. The country is faced with several challenges including diagnosis, treatment, and control measures. Districts are faced with the inability to generate reliable information needed to make decisions to inform policy and lack skills for priority setting and planning. Budget allocation is not done according to evidence-based priorities, thus leading to stagnation over time. In this report, we present some success stories and discuss the challenges facing scaling up of interventions and propose priority areas to solving t...
5. Surgical Site Infection: The Rate and Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern in ...
In Tanzania previously studies done in different centers reported high rates of Surgical Site Infection. ... settings. In developed countries such as the USA, the ...
Background: Surgical site infections are dreaded by many as they impose a greater economic costs,....
6. High sensitivity but low specificity of the risk factors and symptoms ...
A community-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 347 women aged 18–49 years in Maswa District, north-western Tanzania. A single urine ...
Author summary Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) is a genital manifestation of a waterborne parasitic disease caused by Schistosoma haematobium, however, it is mostly neglected. FGS diagnosis is still a challenge due to the lack of reference standards for its diagnosis. Colposcope has been used as a standard for diagnosing FGS, it shows the FGS clinical findings on the cervix and vagina. However, FGS diagnosis by colposcope has not been feasible in most rural endemic settings due to its unavailability, low level of knowledge of its use for diagnosing FGS, and low FGS knowledge among healthcare workers. Thus, there is a need to develop an alternative cheap diagnostic tool to be used in endemic areas for identifying women and adolescent girls at high risk of having FGS lesions and referring them for colposcopy examination. This call has been given more weight by the WHO in its roadmap plan for ending Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) by 2030. In response to this call, this study determined the sensitivity and specificity of the risk factors and symptoms checklist (variables), and the prevalence of FGS by both colposcope and risk factors and symptoms checklist using a score point of 7 as a cut-off point to suspect FGS. Furthermore, we also determined the prevalence of S. haematobium infection using a urine filtration technique and determined the symptoms and risk factors of urogenital schistosomiasis among women in selected villages of Maswa district, north-western Tanzania....
7. Diagnostic Performance of Conventional and Ultrasensitive ...
... setting in Tanzania. This resulted in a minimal gain of 2% in diagnostic sensitivity by using us-RDT, with no difference between adults and children. Such a ...
Ultrasensitive rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for malaria, designed for Plasmodium falciparum elimination campaigns, may be used off label in clinical pract
8. Performance evaluation of the highly sensitive histidine‐rich protein 2 ...
Jan 22, 2021 · ... Tanzania in 2016, aimed at appraising the performance of high sensitivity Plasmodium falciparum (HSPf) tests compared to SD Bioline Pf and ...
Precise detection of Plasmodium infections in community surveys is essential for effective malaria control. Microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are the major techniques used to identify malaria infections in the field-based surveys. Although microscopy is still considered as the gold standard, RDTs are increasingly becoming versatile due to their rapid and adequate performance characteristics. A malaria prevalence cross-sectional survey was carried out in north-western Tanzania in 2016, aimed at appraising the performance of high sensitivity Plasmodium falciparum (HSPf) tests compared to SD Bioline Pf and microscopy in detecting P. falciparum infections. A total of 397 individuals aged five years and above were tested for P. falciparum infections. The sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) of microscopy, Pf RDT and HSPf RDT was determined using PCR as the gold standard method. The prevalence of P. falciparum infections determined by microscopy, SD Bioline Pf, HSPf and PCR was 21.9, 27.7, 33.3 and 43.2%, respectively. The new HSPf RDT had significantly higher sensitivity (98.2%) and specificity (91.6%) compared to the routinely used SD Bioline Pf RDT(P < 0.001). The positive predictive value (PPV) was 81.8% and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 99.2% for the routinely used SD Bioline Pf RDT. Moreover, HSPf RDT had sensitivity of 69% and specificity of 76.8% compared to microscopy. The PPV was 45.5% and the NPV wa...
9. Accuracy, use and acceptability of the VISITECT CD4 semi-quantitative ...
The sensitivity and specificity were ... We report on the diagnostic performance and use of VISITECT CD4 in routine programmatic settings in Tanzania.
The available few laboratory-based CD4 assay for People Living with HIV (PLHIV) experience supply stock-outs and instrument breakdowns in developing countries, affecting the ability to diagnose Advance HIV disease (AHD). We evaluated the performance of the VISITECT CD4 point of care test among healthcare workers in HIV program in Tanzania.
10. When it comes to taking care of patients, Tanzania and North ...
Apr 2, 2017 · That's a shame for doctors and researchers like me whose Fogarty Fellowship gave me the necessary skills and sensitivity to provide better care ...
If you had told me when I was caring for the Chagga people in the middle of Tanzania that it would lead to taking care of members of our own Lumbee Indian community in North Carolina, I may not have …
11. Verbal autopsy can consistently measure AIDS mortality
... Tanzania (sensitivity 75%; specificity 74%) studies. The sensitivity dropped ... settings and causes of mortality.4. There is particular need to develop ...
Background Verbal autopsy is currently the only option for obtaining cause of death information in most populations with a widespread HIV/AIDS epidemic. Methods With the use of a data-driven algorithm, a set of criteria for classifying AIDS mortality was trained. Data from two longitudinal community studies in Tanzania and Zimbabwe were used, both of which have collected information on the HIV status of the population over a prolonged period and maintained a demographic surveillance system that collects information on cause of death through verbal autopsy. The algorithm was then tested in different times (two phases of the Zimbabwe study) and different places (Tanzania and Zimbabwe). Results The trained algorithm, including nine signs and symptoms, performed consistently based on sensitivity and specificity on verbal autopsy data for deaths in 15–44-year-olds from Zimbabwe phase I (sensitivity 79%; specificity 79%), phase II (sensitivity 83%; specificity 75%) and Tanzania (sensitivity 75%; specificity 74%) studies. The sensitivity dropped markedly for classifying deaths in 45–59-year-olds. Conclusions Verbal autopsy can consistently measure AIDS mortality with a set of nine criteria. Surveillance should focus on deaths that occur in the 15–44-year age group for which the method performs reliably. Addition of a handful of questions related to opportunistic infections would enable other widely used verbal autopsy tools to apply this validated method in areas for which HIV te...
12. Water Balance and Level Change of Lake Babati, Tanzania - MDPI
Dec 5, 2016 · settings. Order Article Reprints. Font ... Water Balance and Level Change of Lake Babati, Tanzania: Sensitivity to Hydroclimatic Forcings.
We develop and present a novel integrated water balance model that accounts for lake water—groundwater interactions, and apply it to the semi-closed freshwater Lake Babati system, Northern Tanzania, East Africa. The model was calibrated and used to evaluate the lake level sensitivity to changes in key hydro-climatic variables such as temperature, precipitation, humidity and cloudiness. The lake response to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 5 (CMIP5) output on possible future climate outcomes was evaluated, an essential basis in understanding future water security and flooding risk in the region. Results show high lake level sensitivity to cloudiness. Increased focus on cloud fraction measurement and interpretation could likely improve projections of lake levels and surface water availability. Modelled divergent results on the future (21st century) development of Lake Babati can be explained by the precipitation output variability of CMIP5 models being comparable to the precipitation change needed to drive the water balance model from lake dry-out to overflow; this condition is likely shared with many other East African lake systems. The developed methodology could be useful in investigations on change-driving processes in complex climate—drainage basin—lake systems, which are needed to support sustainable water resource planning in data scarce tropical Africa.
13. When It Comes to Taking Care of Patients, Tanzania and North ...
Apr 10, 2017 · That's a shame for doctors and researchers like me whose Fogarty Fellowship gave me the necessary skills and sensitivity to provide better care ...
An op-ed by John Stanifer, Duke University nephrology fellow and Master of Science in Global Health alumnus, reflecting on the value of his Fogarty Fellowship, in light of the U.S. Administration's proposal to eliminate the program.
14. iPhone 13 Pro Camera Review: Tanzania - Austin Mann
Missing: sensitivity | Show results with:sensitivity
iphone 13 pro camera review: tanzania mambo vipi from ruaha national park, tanzania! We’ve spent the last week in southern Tanzania, exploring this vast natural habitat and capturing all its beauty with the iPhone 13 Pro’s camera. As I watched Apple’s keynote about this year’s iPhone release, I w
15. Contemporary channel adjustment and geomorphic sensitivity of the ...
Contemporary channel adjustment and geomorphic sensitivity of the lower Mara River and its floodplain wetlands, Tanzania. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph ...
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2023.108583 ·
16. DOI-ITAP Recruitment Notice Tanzania 2024
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Recruitment Notice for DOI-ITAP's Tanzania 2024 Program
